ABSTRACT
Ever since a novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan(China), things have changed to a large extent. It has shattered the entire world in all the possible sectors by its continuous spread. Scientists all around the world have put in in-numerous amount of efforts as a result of which the world has finally witnessed its some of the first potential vaccines which have got approvals for emergency use in various countries. Now the next crucial step that comes in this process of fighting this virus is the supply of vaccines to all the different parts of the world. But there are certain challenges to this process as vaccines need to be constantly monitored all the time for their temperatures, humidity and other environmental factors which vary a lot depending on the geographical conditions. Also, maintaining drug safety is the most important challenge as counterfeiting of vaccines and drugs has always been a concern for the pharmaceutical industry. Manual traceability for all the ingredients used during manufacturing is a very difficult process and doesn't even give a full guarantee for the same. This can lead to serious health issues in the consumers and can even result in death. The power of Blockchain and it's principle of proof of concept can deal with this problem by maintaining a record for all the events taking place in this process right from manufacturing to vaccinations in hospitals. BLE Beacons can also come very handy here as they are small, inexpensive and easy to use devices that can provide real time updates by tracking various parameters of the vaccine. This paper aims at suggesting an entire system of supply chain of vaccines using Blockchain based record, QR(Quick Response) Codes for vaccine safety and BLE Beacons network for real time tracking and news updates of the vaccines. © 2021 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The immune system involves both active and passive immunization. The antibodies are developed against the antigens during active immunization and are permanently stored. But, in the case of passive immunization, the antibodies are exposed to the same antigens in every person who is already infected. In order to enhance the immune systems i.e. innate and adaptive immune responses, herbal plants are used as an immune booster. Some of the herbal plants have been proven clinically to enhance immunity that includes Morniga oleifera (Drumstick), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Withania somnifera (Aswagandha), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Emblica officinalis (Amla) etc. Compared to synthetic drugs, herbal drugs have fewer side effects and stimulate the immune system to defend against various foreign pathogens. Even though herbal medicines are usually considered as safe and effective therapy, it is clinically proven that if a drug is effective, it would have some side effects. But, sometimes, the antioxidant property of herbal medicines is helpful in reducing the toxicities produced by any toxic substances or any drugs. This review aims to encourage the study of various herbal constituents and their role in the treatment of different types of viral infections.
ABSTRACT
Background: Life is full of uncertainties and many a times it confronts with various undesirable situations that create hindrances in living, leading, and maintaining a flourishing society. With globalization, when the barriers between the countries as well as the societies are diminishing and interconnectivity has grown to a all-time high position, frequent outbreak of various deadly and contagious ailments are often reported across the globe creating chaotic situations. In this regard, the recent outbreak of deadly novel coronavirus (nCoV) in Peoples’ Republic of China can be taken into account that has taken a heavy toll on human lives across many areas and currently the world is at an anxious position to respond towards this newfound calamity. Therefore, it’s high time for us to gauge the consciousness levels towards this deadly epidemic particularly amongst the young students which can be helpful in generating long term sustainable solutions. Objective: To assess the awareness and knowledge about the deadly novel coronavirus (nCoV) amongst the students’ community at two of the renowned deemed to be universities in the capital city of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Materials & Methods: A total of 621 feedbacks were collected from the students pursuing various undergraduate and post graduate courses at those universities. A self-administered questionnaire was used to capture their demographic profiles, lifestyle data, awareness and concerns towards the novel coronavirus (nCoV), and outlook towards leading a healthier life. Results: The results revealed many aspects towards the lifestyles of the students. Though they were somehow aware with the term novel coronavirus (nCoV) but a thorough knowhow gap was observed. Based on the findings some measures have been recommended in order to increase the awareness towards the diseases and take preventive actions against it. Epilogue: As the younger mass is the future of a community and often leads a very vibrant but asymmetrical lifestyle, it becomes important to capture their perceptions and carefully assess their modes of living in order to take preventive & corrective measures for a healthy future. Towards this, our study can provide necessary impetus for addressing the important issues like student’s physical and psychological health. © 2020 IJSTR.